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Wave heating is based on a simple principle of so-called radiation (emission) where a given source emits infrared rays; as a source can be in fact considered any warm object that emanates the heat outwards a) by radiating it into the surrounding space and b) by means of convection. The maximum emission level is achieved by so-called infrared emitters; meanwhile classic central heating radiators reach significantly lower emission values, as well as floor or wall heating.
To illustrate the elementary difference between conventional convection heating and infrared heating here are images captured by a thermal camera; each heating method, as you can see, concentrates heat in different part of the room.
Heat emitted by a radiator captured by a thermal camera. The image clearly demonstrates that the highetst temperature is right below the ceiling – a rather familiar phenomenon that we have all encountered at numerous occasions. Unfortunatelly, the ceiling sphere is hardly an area where people ordinarly dwell.And this is also why it is our feet that feel cold the most after we arrive at a cottage and start heating the cold space up.
Convection heating systems take advantage of the great temperature disparity between the heated air and the cool air in the room, regardless of the primary heat-source type (gas boiler, solid fuel boiler, electric convertor, heat pump). Air is used for heat transfer – hot air rises allowing cool air to flow in its place, setting up a constant currant of warm air. When we use a standard heater (a radiator, direct heating and suchlike) warm air ascends towards the ceiling while cold air descends towards the floor. It is much warmer at the ceiling level than down, near the ground, where we spend the most time.
A room that has been heated by PION infrared unit captured by a thermal camera. The image clearly illustrates that infrared rays distribute heat into places where warmth is actually needed instead of spots and areas that are of no use to the inhabitants.
In contrast with convection heating, the infrared heating system uses minimum 80% of to directly heat up walls, objects and people in the room for infrared heating exhausts no more than 20% of energy on heating air. Due to their nature infrared rays are able to heat walls and the floor directly. The warm surfaces within the room accumulated heat and naturally pass it onto the air. There is very little temperature difference between floor and ceiling in a room equipped with infrared heating; in fact it usually stays around 1 °C (with convection heating the temperature difference between up and down can be as much as 10 °C). Since the surrounding structures have higher or at least equivalent temperature in relation to air (unlike convection heating which primarily heats up air as you can see in the thermal images above), people dwelling in the room don’t suffer from the “cold feet” syndrome anymore, instead enjoying the warm and comfortable indoor climate (which is something virtually impossible to achieve when heating cold structures with the traditional method due to its nature).
A major advantage of the new generation infra heating is a significantly more pleasant climate/temperature comfort experienced indoors: unlike conventional convection heating infrared heaters are able to even up temperatures at different altitudes much faster, which in reality means that the floor always stays warmer than air at eye-level. People who dwell in a room heated by infrared heating thus do not suffer from having ”cold feet” any longer, in fact, they experience the pleasant feeling of warmth all over their body.